The pattern of nesting close together with birds of the same species. The total number of eggs laid during a single nesting period some birds lay several clutches in a nesting season. Present on the bills of some bird species, particularly among birds of prey. The fleshy area on top of the base of the upper bill that contains the nostrils. This is accomplished by a feather molt from the basic, or winter, plumage. such as changes in color or the addition of ornamental ruffs. Seasonal alterations in appearance to attract birds of the opposite sex. Rigid feathers along the underside of the wings where they connect to the body, corresponding to the underarm area in a human. The downward curve of a bird's wings when in flight.įeathers along the sides of the ears, often called ear coverts or ear patches.Ī large cage, building, structure or enclosure for keeping birds in, usually primarily consisting of netting or fencing, and large enough to allow the birds to fly freely. By adjusting the angle of the alula, the bird is able to regulate the air flow over the top of the wing, allowing it to alight or land at slower speeds without stalling. It has its own group of muscles and moves independently from the flight feathers. Term for young birds that hatch in a helpless state, usually naked with eyes closed, and are totally dependent on the parents.Ī small group of feathers that protrude from the outermost joint of the wing. Sometimes the bar runs from the Alula to the base of the wing on the front side (leading edge).ĪLTITUDINAL MOVEMENTS (Vertical Migrations):Ī bird's regular seasonal vertical movement, often from the mountaintops in summer to lower regions or valleys during winter, with a return to higher elevations the following spring. The effect is a patch or line of feathers that differ from the color of the wing feathers around it, thus producing a visible bar on the top of the wing. A nest located on a cliff or high place, usually built by a raptor, a bird of prey.Ī series of thin-walled sacs, typically eight or nine (but ranging from six to fourteen, depending on the species) that in conjunction with the paired lungs comprise the bird's respiratory system.Ī contrasting line (bar) of plumage beginning in the alar region of the wing (where the wing bends at the wrist and on the leading edge) and running from that point at an angle toward the bird's body, stopping where the back of the wing joins the body.
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